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Benarkah Kritik Sama Artinya Dengan Membuka Aib?


Kemalasan belajar dan tidak memahami fakta seringkali memberikan pemahaman yang sempit di sebagian kalangan kaum muslim
.
Salah satunya mengenai mengkritik pemimpin. Diantara mereka ada yang menganggap kritik sebagai sebuah ghibah, membuka aib sehingga lebih baik dihindari
.
Padahal, mengkritik pemimpin adalah bagian dari dakwah yang seharusnya dilakukan seorang muslim. Terutama ketika seorang pemimpin melakukan kedzaliman yang nyata semisal berbohong dan ingkar janji
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Membiarkan pemimpin yang berbohong dan ingkar janji sama dengan membiarkan kemaksiyatan
.
Rasulullah juga pernah menerima protes dari para sahabat pada perjanjian hudaibiyah. Beliau juga menerima kritik saat perang Badar dari Hubab bin Al Mundzir
.
Kemudian umar bin khottob juga pernah dikritik oleh para sahabat terkait pembagian selimut dari Yaman. Seorang wanita juga pernah mengkritik umar bin khottob ketika umar melarang penambahan mahar
.
Para sahabat juga mengkritik Umar tidak membagi tanah Irak setelah dibebaskan, bahkan Bilal dan Zubair sangat keras dalam hal itu
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Dan tidak pernah disampaikan bahwa mengkritik pemimpin itu membuka aib. Kalo ada yang mengatakan seperti itu, ajaran siapa?
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Justru berani mengatakan yang hak di depan pemimpin termasuk jihad yang utama
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"Seutama-utama jihad adalah menyampaikan kalimat yang adil (haq) kepada penguasa (sulthan) yang zalim.” (HR Abu Dawud 4346, Tirmidzi no 2265, dan Ibnu Majah no 4011)
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Dalil ini mutlak, yakni tanpa menyebut batasan tertentu mengenai cara mengkritik penguasa, apakah secara terbuka atau tertutup
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Maka boleh hukumnya mengkritik penguasa secara terbuka, berdasarkan kemutlakan dalil tersebut, sesuai kaidah ushuliyah : al ithlaq yajri ‘ala ithlaqihi maa lam yarid dalil yadullu ‘ala al taqyiid (dalil mutlak tetap dalam kemutlakannya, selama tidak ada dalil yang menunjukkan batasan/syarat). (M. Abdullah Al Mas’ari, Muhasabah Al Hukkam, hlm. 60)

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