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Berkata Baik Atau Diam

Ali bin Abi Thalib radhiyallahu ‘anhu berkata,
”Seseorang mati karena tersandung lidahnya
Dan seseorang tidak mati karena tersandung kakinya
Tersandung mulutnya akan menambah (pening) kepalanya
Sedang tersandung kakinya akan sembuh perlahan

Dari Abu Hurairah bahwa Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda,

مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ اْلآخِرِ فَليَقُلْ خَيْرًا أَوْ لِيَصْمُت

“Barang siapa yang beriman kepada Allah dan Hari Akhir maka hendaklah ia berkata baik atau hendaklah ia diam.” (Muttafaq ‘alaih: Al-Bukhari, no. 6018; Muslim, no.47)

Ibnu Hajar menjelaskan, “Ini adalah sebuah ucapan ringkas yang padat makna; semua perkataan bisa berupa kebaikan, keburukan, atau salah satu di antara keduanya. Perkataan baik (boleh jadi) tergolong perkataan yang wajib atau sunnah untuk diucapkan. Karenanya, perkataan itu boleh diungkapkan sesuai dengan isinya. Segala perkataan yang berorientasi kepadanya (kepada hal wajib atau sunnah) termasuk dalam kategori perkataan baik. (Perkataan) yang tidak termasuk dalam kategori tersebut berarti tergolong perkataan jelek atau yang mengarah kepada kejelekan. Oleh karena itu, orang yang terseret masuk dalam lubangnya (perkataan jelek atau yang mengarah kepada kejelekan) hendaklah diam.” (lihat Al-Fath, 10:446)

Imam An-Nawawi rahimahullah menyebutkan dalam Syarah Arbain, bahwa Imam Syafi’i rahimahullah mengatakan, “Jika seseorang hendak berbicara maka hendaklah dia berpikir terlebih dahulu. Jika dia merasa bahwa ucapan tersebut tidak merugikannya, silakan diucapkan. Jika dia merasa ucapan tersebut ada mudharatnya atau ia ragu, maka ditahan (jangan bicara).”

Wallahuāllam.

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